Avaliação / Assessment

How to Give Feedback

Steve Davis, Ph.D

 

Feedback is an ongoing process that occurs throughout the student's time with you. The "IMPROVE" strategy (see Table 1) can help you set expectations with your student, assess the student's performance, and provide information to the student in a manner that encourages improvement.

Table 1 : IMPROVE Model
I	· Identify rotation objectives with the student
M	· Make a feedback friendly environment
P	· assess Performance · Prioritize the feedback you provide
R	· Respond to the student's self-assessment
O	· be Objective: report specific behaviors observed; · describe potental outcomes of behavior
V	· Validate what the student has done well or suggest alternative strategies
E	· Establish a plan to implement changes (if needed) · Have the student summarize feedback and the plan

Here are a few additional things to do to present feedback to your students in a positive manner:

• Prepare your student so (s)he knows you will be providing feedback. If possible, this should have been done during the student orientation.
• Provide feedback in private.
• Focus on behaviors that the student can change; do not address personal attributes.
• Provide specific information to the student. Vague comments, e.g. "You did a good job," "You did a poor job," are not useful to the student.
• Base your comments on observed or objective information, not hearsay. If possible, provide objective evidence for your comments.
• If you decide to provide subjective feedback to your student, label your subjective feedback so the student knows this is what it is.
• Consider using the "feedback sandwich," e.g. place positive feedback on either side of negative feedback so you begin and end on a positive note. If you use this approach, be wary of using the same technique all of the time. Students often figure out the pattern and they begin to discount the positive feedback as "sugarcoating" of the criticism.

http://med-dev.hscs.virginia.edu/courses/fm/precept/module4/m4p4.htm

NOTE FROM STEVE: Feedback is the gift that keeps on giving…IF it is given and received in a manner that says “I’m giving you this because I want you to be the best!”  There are many ways to communicate this but one obvious way is to have and show them a PLAN or MODEL of how it will happen.  Data from evaluations clearly indicate the highest ranked preceptors do this.  If you don’t have a system/model I highly recommend you give this or some other model a try.  Also: see the checklist of feedback recommendations posted on our faculty development website at (The Effective Preceptor: Checklists for 1) Orientation; 2) Teaching; 3) Feedback).